Black pepper - พริกไทย (Prik Thai) - Piper nigrum

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In Thailand, black pepper (known as "พริกไทย" or "prik Thai") is an important spice that is cultivated and widely used in the country's cuisine.

Piper nigrum - Black pepper - พริกไทย (Prik Thai)


  1. Plant Description:

    • Vine: Black pepper is a climbing vine that can grow up to 10 meters in height.
    • Leaves: The leaves are glossy, green, and heart-shaped.
    • Flowers: The plant produces small, white flowers arranged in spikes.

  2. Fruit and Peppercorns:

    • Fruit: The fruit of the black pepper plant is a small drupe, which is initially green and turns red as it ripens.
    • Peppercorns: The dried, unripe fruit is used to produce black pepper. The outer layer of the dried fruit, known as the pericarp, is wrinkled and dark, giving black pepper its characteristic appearance.

  3. Culinary Uses:

    • Spice: Black pepper is a versatile spice used to add flavor and heat to a wide variety of dishes.
    • Whole or Ground: It is commonly used both in its whole form and ground. Freshly ground black pepper is often preferred for its robust flavor.

  4. Growing Conditions:

    • Climate: Black pepper thrives in tropical climates with high temperatures and abundant rainfall.
    • Soil: Well-drained, fertile soil is ideal for cultivation.

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